iran iraq war causes and consequences - 2030 Words

Iran-Iraq conflict causes and consequences (1980-88) INTRODUCTION : This conflict began when Iraq invaded iran in 1980 followed by border disputes and Irq’s desire to become dominant Persian Gulf state and the Iranian revolution at that time .but they couldn’t get the control they only occupied some portion of iran and then repelled by iran .Despite calls for a ceasefire by the United Nations Security Council, hostilities continued until 20 August 1988. The war finally ended with Resolution 598, Causes : The causes of Iran Iraq conflicts can be attributed to wide range of issues Political causes-historical claims of territory, Shatt Al Arab waterway dispute and result of six day war Economic causes- occupying of Khuzestan,†¦show more content†¦Nationalism rivalry for power: Result of Iranian revolution: shah of Iran was overthrown in 1979 by radical Islamist and communist.ayatollah Khomeini came into power . the Iranian government led by shah was previously pro-western and anti-socialist turned into highly religious and theocratic government.Israel and the united states were now seen as enimies.mentality of Iranian government was drastically altered. Quest for dominance: with overthrowing of shah dictatorship,the shi’i muslims of Iran saw this as the new beginning for the country.they developed a strong sense of pride and nationlisam in their country.ayatollah Khomeini accused saddam’s regime of being anti-Islamic and overly secular. Looking to overthrow Iraqi regime. That was part of khomeinini’s border plan of expanding the Islamic revolution throughout the middle east. Saddam Hussein ,in Iraq was at the same time looking to establish himself as a great leader in the arab community.their neighbor’s in the west were seenShow MoreRelatedThe Iraqi Intrusion Of Kuwait On Second Of August 19901607 Words   |  7 Pagescapacity to keep up steadiness in the wake of the cold war. Saddam Hussein s aggression created alternate oil emergencies, driving up costs. It tested the late recovery in status of the united countries. What s more it brought up issues about the preparation of the US and USSR to coordinate with each other, in circumstances which had connections to Iraq, however Washington was resolved to free Kuwait ( Young Kent 2004). The war demonstrated of focal significance to the Bush organizationRead MoreThe Iran Iraq War1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe Iran-Iraq lasted from September 1980 to August 1998, which made it the longest conventional war of the 20th century. The consequence of the war cost billions of dollars and millions of lives. The result of the war, although stalemate would be a critical factor that would shape the future of the Middle East. The historical deep-rooted hostile relationship that emanated from the ethnic Arab-Persian and religious Sunni- Shi’ite tensions between the two neighbouring countries contributed to the conditionsRead MoreHistory Is Filled With Wars1502 Words   |  7 Pages​History is filled with wars. Wars are one among the foremost attention grabbing, nevertheless the scariest, aspects of history. If there have been no wars, the globe would be terribly totally different. One will agree that we have a tendency to learn our mistakes from wars. However , history is understood for continuation itself. There for, there are continuously new problems and conflicts that result in wars. It’s a part of attribute to disagree most things for numerous reasons. After all, everyoneRead MoreThe Future of Iran Essay examples1090 Words   |  5 Pagesthe threat of war can be used in negotiation, to coerce another country to abide by the demands of another. In this case, the United States and the European Union, among others, have been trying to negotiate, even coerce, Iran into giving up its nuclear arms program. For the most part, Iran has not been willing to negotiate much. In fact, Iran is often described as being defiant against the world. Will this defiance cause a war to be started with Iran? The chances are good that a war could take placeRead MoreThe Movement Of Iran And The Middle East And West973 Words   |  4 Pagesand West. The People’s Mujahidin Organization of Iran (MEK) came into existence in the 1960s as an arme d guerrilla movement inside of Iran. The original founders of this movement were university students led by Mohammad Hanifnezhad. Homa Katouzian asserts that, â€Å"After the arrest and military trial of their leaders, and especially in consequence of the military suppression of the revolt of June 1963, they, like some other young dissidents in Iran and the West, reached the view that the only avenueRead MoreConflict Between Iran And Iraq Essay1590 Words   |  7 Pagesconflicts would be the Iran-Iraq war, proving to be the most bitter and detrimental conflict since World War II, and the worst the region has seen in recent years. Hostile relations and continued territorial clashes occurred between these two countries before September 22, 1980, however this day would mark the official declaration of war on Iran by Saddam Hussein. The next eight years of war would go on to claim the lives of over a million soldiers and civilians. In terms of war, this conflict wouldRead MoreThe Cha llenges Of The Kuwait Diplomacy1719 Words   |  7 Pagesbeen a struggle of power within the middle east, and particularly between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Amongst the nations in the Arabian Peninsula, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has always been at the most power and influential country. Saudi Arabia and Iran were always polar opposites of each other. When Saudi Arabia first produced its oil, it saw its economy benefit and heighten much more than Iran could do with its oil reserves. Oil was one of the major element with Saudi Arabia and its neighboringRead MoreIII. Dependence of the Gulf states on external security guarantees The previous part of the1200 Words   |  5 PagesKuwait was forced to balance between Iran on the one hand, and Saudi Arabia on the other, and in order to resist, the Kuwaiti authorities called for the intensification of its partnership with the Americans. Most small Arab states of the Gulf find themselves in the same situation in the face of Saudi dominance in the GCC and territorial claims coming from Iran, which means that for them security guarantees are just as vital. This, however, has two negative consequences. Firsly, the intensification ofRead MoreIran s Impact On The Economy Of Iran1681 Words   |  7 PagesThe economy of Iran has caused a wave of disorder around the world. The root of Iran’s problems comes from their troubled past which affects them today and will in the future. Iran is grasping desperately to stay relevant in todays world due to a struggling society and constant disagreement among leaders and their citizens. Iran has 10% of the world’s oil and has the fourth largest oil reserve in the world plus it ranks with the top 10 producers of global oil1. Despite having so many geographicalRead MoreThe Political Influence Of The United States1565 Words   |  7 Pages The Iran hostage crisis occurred in 1979 when a United States embassy in Iran was taken over by a group of student protestors and the people inside were held hostage for 444 days. The United States’ responded politically by turning other nations against Iran, and economically by freezing Iran’s assets and limiting it’s ability to trade. The fallout from this incident can still be felt today and led to major changes in international policy, as well as media coverage. Prior to the Iran hostage

Media Violence and Its Effect on Children Essay - 1112 Words

There is a strong agreement among American society that violence in the country is on the rise. It is easy to see why this is a strong argument among the American people, especially because of the rising popularity of violent video games and television programs. However, as these violent video games and television shows are creating their own place in our society, the reports of violence among children are escalating. This correlation has been studied extensively in the scientific community in an attempt to discover whether media violence does negatively impact children but there has yet to be a consensus. There is a split between those that believe that children are becoming more violent because they are exposed to violent media and†¦show more content†¦Later, each child was left alone with the doll. The children that watched the aggressive interaction acted aggressively toward the doll while the children that observed the normal interactions with doll did not act aggressiv ely. With these results, Bandura argued that children imitated behavior they witness, and that if they observed violent behavior in the media, they were likely to copy this behavior and act violently themselves (Bandura 575). Many experiments followed Bandura’s footsteps, attempting to prove that there was a link between media violence and violence among the youth. These studies are still being conducted today, as there has yet to be a scientific consensus on the issue. However, despite there being evidence toward the contrary, many organizations have stated their position on the issue: they are against media violence because it causes violent behavior in children. One such organization is the National Association for the Education of Young Children (â€Å"Media Violence in Children’s Lives ). Influential organizations such as the NAEYC do not educate the public on all of the findings of studies intended to discover the relationship between media violence and violence among children. AS a result, the public continues to believe its original hypothesis that media violence is the root cause of increasing violent actions among the youth. One such study, conductedShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children873 Words   |  4 Pages According to the Media Education Foundation, once a child reaches eighteen years of age, they have witnessed around 200,000 acts of violence and 16,000 murders (jacksonkatz.com). Our society loves entertainment and a grand portion of this entertainment contains violence. Children constantly consume violent visuals, due to their prevalence. Majority of our society is uninterested in the effects of media violence since its effects do not show immediately. Misinformation is our greatest enemy in theRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children974 Words   |  4 Pagesmany kinds of media, like Internet, video game, television and film. It is generally believed that some of the bad information such as violent content in the media can have a negative effect on people, and it can end up causing some social problem. It is clear that children are more likely to be influenced by media violence than other age groups because of their world outlook and personality are not formed. Furthermore is if media violence does have some profound influence on children, this will leadRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children884 Words   |  4 Pagesis all this necessary to fabricate in the media? What are characters in movies teaching kids? What about the language in music talking about killing people and talking about violence like it’s the cool thing? What about new channels always talking about guns, bombs and threats to the public, is this what is influencing are children because they view it as a norm? Some may agree with this as others may disagree. Media violence is not the factor in violence today. Studies show that over 90% of homesRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children1357 Words   |  6 Pagesthe graphic cruelty and violence. According to American Psychological Association, the harmful influence of media violence on children dates back to the 1950s and 1960s, and remains strong today. A child that watches violence or hears about violence can be influenced to become violent. Indeed, in reviewing the totality of empirical evidence regarding the impact of media violence, the conclusion that exposure to violent portrayals poses a risk of harmful effects on children has been reached by theRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children1943 Words   |  8 PagesFor many years now, the media has been a big part of our lives. Almost everybody in the world is or has connected to it one way or another. It is a way for families and friends to have fun together, for interesting topics that people are interested in, or to just enjoy alone. However, there is a problem that can be seen across all types of media: violence. Violence can be seen as a distraught way to get over problems. There is judgement issues involved for violence. It is done by bullies in schoolRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children2411 Words   |  10 PagesMedia Violence is definitely harmful to children as the exposure of media violence can desensitize children (age 6-12) to violence and in the real world; violence becomes enjoyable and does not result in apprehensiveness in the child. There have been several studies and experiments regarding the adverse effects of violence used in video games, television, as well as movies. With both preschool and school-aged children, studies have found that they are more likely to imitate the violence they seeRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children2122 Words   |  9 Pagesexposed to various types of media, for example books or magazines, television, song lyrics, video games, and movies. Media often portrays, aggressive action, behaviour, and violence. This content can negatively affect not only adolescents and adults, but can have an even greater effect on children even from the moment they are exposed to it. Children who are exposed to violence in the media may display aggressive and violent behaviour. Young people especially children under the age of eight thisRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children1903 Words   |  8 Pagesdepict different forms of violence. Some people feel that there is too much violence exposed in the media. Many studies have made the claim that the media is responsible for much of the violence seen in the world we live in. However, people have choices and responsibilities we cannot allow ourselves to blame it on other things such as the media. The violence seen in our media has an impact on both adults and children. Since children are also exposed to various forms of media, there has been additionalRead MoreEffects of Media Violence on Children2430 Words   |  10 PagesThe Effect of Media Violence on Children and Levels of Aggression. It has been said that children are like sponges when it comes to attaining knowledge. This seems to be true whether they are learning to speak or how to show emotion. Feelings and emotions become more imminent once children begin to go through adolescents. Children acquire the ability to aggression, sadness, and happiness more readily. Males typically exhibit higher levels of aggression then females according to some researchRead MoreThe Effects Of Media Violence On Children1270 Words   |  6 Pagesdifferent forms of violence. Some people feel that there is too much violence exposed in the media. Many studies have made the claim that the media is responsible for much of the violence seen in the world we live in (List and Wolfgang). However, people have choices and responsibilities we cannot allow ourselves to blame it on other things such as the media. The violence seen in our media has an impact on both adults and children. Since children are also exposed to various forms of media, there has been

Ageism How Children and Teens Are Unfairly Stereotyped Free Essays

Ageism: How Children and Teens are Unfairly Stereotyped Jazzie Collins Pacific High School Abstract Over the years, children and teens have been portrayed as immature and sometimes even stupid. Many adults think that they are incapable of many things and deserve no respect. However, young people have made many accomplishments in history. We will write a custom essay sample on Ageism: How Children and Teens Are Unfairly Stereotyped or any similar topic only for you Order Now They have invented things and some have even become emperors. Kids and teens deserve more respect than they are getting. Children and teens are constantly being degraded as â€Å"stupid† and immature†. They are put down and disrespected just for their age and adults often see them as incapable, weak and silly. In some cases they could be considered right but believing that all children are foolish is completely wrong. â€Å"Children should be seen, not heard,† a phrase often heard in olden times and even sometimes today, is a prime example of ageism. It is degrading to them as human beings. The law enabling citizens in America to have freedom of speech does not exclude children and teenagers. If it did, there would be many things today that we would be without. Many inventions we have now came from the minds of young ones. For example, the earmuffs, a popular and stylish way to protect your ears from the bitter cold of winter, were invented by a 15 year old boy from Maine. The protective winter gear called Wristies was created by a 10 year old girl in the year 1994. There are numerous inventions from the minds of teens and children. Chester Greenwood, living in Farmington, Maine, invented earmuffs at the age of 15. While testing out a new pair of ice skates, he became frustrated with trying to protect his ears from the harsh cold. Feeling very bulky, itchy and, overall uncomfortable, his scarf did no help. So instead, he made two ear-shaped loops from wire and had fur sewn into them by his grandmother. Chester then improved them by adding a steel bar to the top of the separate ear muffs, helping to hold them in place on a person’s head. Afterwards, he had the new and enhanced version of his invention patented. Then, with Greenwood’s Champion Ear Protectors, he established Greenwood’s Ear Protector Factory and made a large fortune supplying ear muffs to U. S. soldiers during World War I. Chester then went on to patent many more inventions. In 1977, Maine’s legislative declared December 21 as â€Å"Chester Greenwood Day† to honor Chester Greenwood as a great contributor to cold weather protection. Another form of winter gear coming from the mind of a child was something called a Wristie. Wristies resemble wrist bands and are designed to worn under a coat and gloves to block out the wind, snow and cold from entering any unprotected gaps. The brain behind these was a 10 year old from Bedford, Massachusetts named Kathryn Gregory. Kathryn invented and trademarked Wristies and, also while a kid inventor, started Wristies Inc. , a company that manufactured and sold Wristies. The young entrepreneur has made deals with the Girl Scouts, Federal Express and McDonalds and in 1997, Kathryn Gregory became the youngest person ever to sell on QVC, the television shopping show. Kathryn Gregory may have been the youngest person to ever appear on QVC, but King tut was the youngest Egyptian pharaoh to ever rule over Egypt in ancient times. When Tutankhamun’s father died, coincidentally right after being forced to step down from his throne, Tutankhamun was made pharaoh at the young age of 9. In that same year, he married his half sister Ankhesenpaaten. King Tut, as he was later known as, then became the youngest ruling Egyptian pharaoh. He is still famous today due mainly to his great wealth and young age of ruling. Adults aren’t always wiser than children and teens. In many households, the child has to take care of their parent or guardians whether it be financially, mentally, physically or sometimes all three. Usually, when the cold or teen is taking care of their parent or guardian financially, it is because the adult either blows all of their money on drugs and alcohol, the adult was laid off their job and has yet to find another or sometimes, the adult is simply incapable of working. In any case, the responsibility is left up to the minor to pay bills and put food on the table. Another kind of situation that is quite common is in households where the parents or single parent has undergone an injury or has acquired some sort of mental disability and are unable to really take care of themselves. It is also present in households where something has happened in the parent or guardian’s life and they’ve slipped into such a depression that they no longer care for anything, leaving their kids to take on the responsibility of caring for not only the adult in the house but also for themselves and each other. They then must make sure things get done such as putting food on the table and making sure the bills are paid. In the movie/novel â€Å"What’s Eating Gilbert Grape†, a young man named Gilbert Grape must take on the responsibility of taking care of his morbidly obese mother and brother, Annie, who is mentally handicapped. Gilbert Grape must also repair their old farmhouse all on his own because of his father’s death. Ever since his father’s death, Gilbert’s mom has been able to do nothing else but eat, leaving her unable to care of neither her children nor herself. A real-life example of a situation of the child having to care for their parent is that of a girl named Rebekah Knerr. Ever since Rebekah Knerr was very a young (around the age of 2), her father has had a mental illness causing him to disappear off to somewhere for long periods of time without telling anyone where he is whenever he gets too stressed. Because of this illness, he will disappear for a few days up to, at the most, 2 weeks. Ever since Rebekah was young, she has had to take care of her dad by going along with him everywhere he goes and making sure he doesn’t wander off. It is a very stressful and aggravating job and requires a great amount of maturity and patience. An amount of maturity and patience teens and children are often underestimated of. When it comes to teens and children, credit it almost never given to the ones who truly deserve and have earned it. It is almost non-existent. But those who look down upon them are fools themselves, because children and teens everywhere show more strength and maturity the adults in their lives. Some kids are young inventors and others are entrepreneurs and created many of the wonderful and handy inventions we have today. There is definitely more to children and teens that meets the adult eye. References Life of King Tut. (2009). Retrieved January 6, 2010, from http://www. king-tut. org. uk/life-of-king-tut/index. htm How to cite Ageism: How Children and Teens Are Unfairly Stereotyped, Papers

Other Students Other Problems Essay Research Paper free essay sample

Other Students, Other Problems Essay, Research Paper Gene Greiner Other Students, Other Problems Gerald Gaff, instructor of literature at the University of Chicago, writes books about higher instruction. Other Voices, Other Rooms is an essay from Culture Wars. The conflict he describes is being fought on the college campus by module and staff. The bulk of the wounded are the pupils, while the balance are those learning. He applies the term # 8220 ; cognitive disagreement to the pupils who survive. Gaff states that few pupils are able to distinguish conflicting thoughts and footings from one class, schoolroom, and professor to the following. By definition, Gaff s thesis is right ; merely a minority is able to mentally treat, cognizing that they are hearing a harsh, disagreeable combination of sounds that suggest undiminished tenseness and or strife. For those few persons that enter a university with [ ] already developed accomplishments at sum uping and weighing statements and synthesising conflicting places on their ain ( 152 ) are advantaged. They embrace colliding thoughts and acknowledge them as honoring experiences. However, the others are confused by the different positions from category to category and conclude that class endurance is contingent upon them conforming to the professor s position for the continuance of the term. George Gaff does non dismiss the less skilled pupil. In fact, his essay speaks of solutions to this mute common land ( 152 ) found within the academic environment. This personal, multi-dimensional point of position is surely deserving seeking on to see how it feels ( 152 ) . No ego esteeming pedagogue would intentionally plan a system guaranteed to maintain pupils dependent on the caprice of the single teacher. Yet this is exactly the consequence of a course of study composed of classs that are non in duologue with one another ( 151 ) . The pupils loose. They come to universities anticipating to happen a community of bookmans apparently in agreement with one another, but what they find is non what they expected. They find a course of study that is non in understanding, merely demoing spots and pieces of the whole, which leaves pupils baffled and perchance indifferent. This quandary escalates when you bring instructors into the equation. [ ] [ W ] hen their instructors conflicting positions do non come in into a common treatment, pupils may non even be able to deduce what is wanted. Like everyone else, instructors tend to bewray their important premises as much in what they do non state, what they take to travel with out stating, as in what they say expli citly ( 152 ) . Students may non even recognize that their instructors disagree. A group of instructors may utilize one word to depict different constructs or they may utilize different words for the same application. Most pupils do non recognize when this is go oning to them in their classs, so these pupils are forced to hold with everything the professor says merely to acquire by. To assist people understand this disagreement within the universities, Gaff uses the game of baseball as an illustration. It would be hard to understand the game of baseball if each portion of the game was shown in different suites. Showing the pupil with single facets of the athletics and neer uniting all the elements to be the game causes the pupil to free. This analogy is the course of study presented in college. As many suites as the pupil enters and the sum of capable stuff he learns, if those learning are non willing to learn fusion of the affair that is presented, the pupil will non profit. Students that present themselves for college admittance have proven to the university that they are academically ready to larn. With that foundation, the voices in the assorted suites need merely to learn them how they will be presented with cognitive disagreement in their classs. The consequence will profit the pupil s overall instruction from its origin while the communicating between the other voices and suites will supply another dimension to the class. Each class is a spot of the whole and it would be really difficult for the pupil that is non equipped to be able to set the pieces together. Gaff presents two types of pupils, one that has no job with this clashing of thoughts, and one that can non see through to the following room. Gaff by no agency discounts the 2nd type of pupil. He says that this is the bulk of the population at school. These pupils go to category and see each category as a whole in itself. No 1 is inquiring them to believe about the relationship between all their categories, and if the module were to make so, it may perchance come across to these pupils as it did to Gaff as, [ ] needlessly multiplying troubles for myself ( 153 ) . These pupils do non recognize that contrast is cardinal to understanding a topic. We think that we are doing it easy by dividing everything into different categories, but in truth, it is harder to see the college instruction this manner. How can a pupil contrast an thought if they don Ts have anything with which to contrast? They might non even know that they are supposed to contrast what they are larning. Since contrast is cardinal to larning, it makes constructs difficult to hold on when you do non hold the accomplishment. It is difficult to hold on the modernness of modern literature unless one can compare it with something that is non modern. It is important to see the large image to be able to larn. Gaff s 2nd type of pupil deserves the right to be taught this critical component of higher instruction. Without this direction, it is no admiration capable pupils will go on to see each class as an island. Unless they are rescued by an divine instructor or by an informed equal, they will graduate sans a critical thought accomplishment that would profit them for a life-time. This is a job for me because I fall into the 2nd class of pupils. Personally, my reaching on this college campus was greatly anticipated. Academically, I realized that my secondary instruction taught me self-discipline, but my college classs would turn to a overplus of thoughts. Truly, I was the 2nd pupil that Gaff described, confused, and at times, indifferent. Two months is non a awfully long period of clip, but it is sufficient plenty for me to recognize that if I choose to handle each category independent of the other, I will win short term with the class, yet free the life lesson. Identifying with the state of affairs, admiting cognitive disagreement, does non necessitate me to hold or differ with the professor s stated place. Just because they have a Dr. in forepart of their name, published essay, taught seminars, received awards from the college community, or have written a book does non intend that they are right, or that I have to hold with them. Agreement is non what Gaff says is needed. My attending needs to be directed to the old capabl e affair so I can contrast the two subjects. This is the key to hold oning the whole thought. Bing that I realize I entered college without the agencies to use cognitive disagreement to my surveies, I can now admit that Gaff s essay has redirected my attack to category work. The 2nd type of pupil has a pick once they are informed of this procedure: use it, or take non to use the construct and remain isolated. Application means fighting to last. I am, [ ] seeking on a assortment of colliding thoughts, to see what opportunities an instruction can supply [ ] ( 152 ) . To announce the equipt pupil while promoting the uninformed will profit the pupil and instructor. An instruction is a privilege that is a forfeit for me ; to larn all that I can is my desire. To hold an interlacing instruction throughout my classs would be enormous. Now that I am armed with this cognition, I am accountable to see the disagreement and even raise my voice to it.